Monday, June 8, 2015

English Cover Letter









Technology is not Making Us Lazy

Mario Rivas 
Professor Rowley 
English 1
9 June 2015
Technology is Not Making Us Lazy.
The recent boom in the capabilities of mobile technology has allowed humans to be constantly connected to the world around them. As a computer science major, I am constantly aware of the benefits and advantages of having technology around us all the time. Some people, however, have the misconception that technology has made humans lazy and counterproductive. Technology has in fact made humans more dependent on our machines to do our everyday work, but this leads to humans having more time to accomplish other tasks in our lives. The reality is that this technology has in fact allowed humans to be more competent, efficient, and productive. 
Why is it that the sight of someone always being on their computer device translates to that person being lazy? “Why don’t you read a book like your cousin is?” As a computer nerd I am constantly being hit with comments related to this topic. The funny thing is, is that I actually do most of my reading on my phone. It may not be a book, but I do enjoy reading my set of daily articles everyday about current events or about other subjects that are important to me. I’m not doing anything counterproductive; yes, I may be on Youtube at times, or texting, but a lot of time is actually dedicated to reading articles or doing my homework, which is mostly internet based now. Still, being on a device like this translates to being lazy for a lot of people. 
I believe this misconception originates in the way social media has transformed the way we communicate, and how teenagers tend to abuse it. Yes, social media in my opinion is a good thing because it allows instant communication with other people that are important in our lives, but the fact that teenagers tend to abuse their devices makes technology look bad. It’s the older generation that are the ones that I’ve noticed usually have a comment about technology. My dad has commented more that a few times about how excessive my use of technology is, and most of those moments, I was either reading articles or completing my online math homework. Older adults have to accept that social media apps are not the only source of information a mobile device is capable of generating, and that using technology is not always a way to waste time.
The previous generations, mainly our parents and grandparents, are usually the ones commenting on our excessive use of technology. I feel as though they’re not used to the capabilities that our mobile devices have to offer. The older generation didn’t have the technology readily available that our generation has the luxury of having, and so I feel as though our constant reliability of this technology in their eyes makes us look lazy. We as humans now have the luxury of obtaining any piece of information, video, or answer to any question that the world has to offer us with the use of a smartphone, something that the previous generation didn’t have. But this doesn't make us lazy, it only makes us productive, because rather than wasting our time looking for an answer to a question we may have, we can simply look it up online quickly and easily.
Since Apple’s launch of the iPhone back in 2007, the use of mobile technology has skyrocketed. People are on these devices all the time and we can find all the entertainment we need on them. The smartphone, some would say, has given birth to a new definition of lazy. But does having all the information that the world has to provide right on the palm of your hand really translate to a person being lazy? In my opinion having all this information easily available and accessible has made man more efficient. We no longer have to spend tens of minutes looking for an answer to a specific question we may have, we can now simply “Google it” and the answer to our question will pop up almost instantaneously. For example, a lot of math textbooks are now available online. This online book not only includes the in-text material, but also includes tutorials on how to do certain problems that you may be stuck on with the homework. If a person needs help on how to understand a specific theorem in math, that person can simply youtube it and a video should show up explaining how to use the theorem in a specific problem. All these websites and resources are available on a smartphone and can quickly be brought up when needed. The fact that a person no longer has to spend so much time looking for an answer to something doesn't translate to that person being lazy. Rather, it’s a direct example of how efficient, productive, and convenient these mobile devices allow us to be. 
Whether a user chooses to be productive with this current technology is completely up to the user. Yes, I’ll admit that technology has made some people lazy, however, it’s a choice for one to make. Ever since the time of our existence, man has had the option of being lazy or being productive. Humans can choose to be lazy or not with the technology we use today, but there is no direct link between man being lazy and technology. As an example, we now have the choice of sitting around playing games on our phones all day, or reading articles about current events in that day. The same thing could be said about the past. My dad once told me that he used to like watching a certain cartoon show called He-Man on television in the past. Back then, my dad had the decision of either watching this cartoon show or reading a book for school. The ideas about how lazy we can be haven't changed, only time and our technology has changed. If a person tells someone that technology has made humans lazy, it is derived from that persons own opinion; people themselves choose how they incorporate technology in their lives everyday, wether it’s good or bad.

Without a doubt, technology is going to continue evolving and improving man’s standard of living. It is a misconception that technology is making humans lazy and counterproductive. Whether or not someone chooses to interpret technology as a negative necessity or not is their opinion. Some people may misinterpret us using technology as a more “lazy” way of doing things when in fact its beneficial to have this technology around us all the time. We can see an improvement in efficiency in our every day use of our smartphones and laptops. People now have the ability to record, store, and find any type of information in smaller devices that or more portable than they ever have been before. Because of this, humans are dependent on machines to do our work for us, however, the fact that this technology has allowed us to complete everyday tasks more efficiently and productively trumps the fact that we are dependent on these machines.

Gendered Advertising is Dehumanizing

Mario Rivas
Professor Rowley
English 1 
9 June 2015
Gendered Advertising is Dehumanizing
Imagine a guy at home watching a football game when all of a sudden the game goes into a commercial break. One of the commercials features a beautiful, blonde model in a revealing bikini eating a hamburger from Carl’s Jr. You would probably imagine the guy giving his full attention to the commercial because of the way the model is portrayed. This would be an example of the concept of what Steve Craig calls “Men’s Women,” that is, the form of gendered marketing which “are designed to give pleasure to the target audience since it is the association of the product with a pleasurable experience” (189). In his article “Men’s Men and Women’s Women” Craig explains to the readers the different types of commercials that can be seen on TV and how the gender responds once they are targeted. This form of marketing, however, is both manipulative and dehumanizing, as it sets certain standards of how women must act and look to be accepted in society. These patterns seen in advertising are unhealthy to women as it elevates society’s expectation for women, and with the growth of mobile technology, poses a bigger threat to people’s own health in general. Therefore, the use of gender in advertising needs to be either redirected or stopped altogether.
The global advertising business has seen an exponential growth in the last few years thanks to internet ad traffic. According to TechCrunch, a news website focused on information technology; in 2014 alone, the advertising industry spent about $121 billion in internet ad traffic, accounting for 23% of all ad traffic seen across all media consumption (13). The amount of ads generated online pose a new health threat to men and women because of our new-found addiction to mobile technology. We are constantly on our cell phones, and because of that, Tech Crunch says we now tend to see around 5,000 ads a day. The problem with these ads is that they aren't exactly healthy to watch. We always see both men and women models in these ads, which give people false expectations of how they’re supposed to look and act in society. Such expectations can lead to various health conditions, such as to eating disorders and depression.
Gendered advertising targets both men and women, but they are often shown in different ways. These advertisements also vary depending on the gender that the advertisement is targeting. In the case of Men’s Men, the general idea in these advertisements is that all men are usually portrayed “as men without women. The presence of a woman in the commercials might serve to threaten men’s men with confusing uncertainty about the nature of masculinity” (Craig 191). In other words, according to these ads, men don't like to be seen with women because women threaten their manliness. This is wrong because it gives men the idea that women hold them back rather than being a positive influence. In the internet Cadillac advertisement, a man is seen talking directly to the camera explaining to the viewers how stressful work is and how he needed a vacation with “just the guys.” Although the man does talk about work, and you can see his wife walking past him, they don't really make these topics a good thing in the commercial; work is stressful, and the wife simply walks past him without any sign of verbal contact with him. In other words, this commercial asserts the idea that a woman's presence in a “Men’s Men” commercial must be as minimal as possible. Him saying that he wants to get away with just him and his male friends implies that there’s something wrong with her companyThe idea that him and his other male friends must go on a vacation together asserts the idea that the commercial must show some idea of masculine camaraderie without the need of women to hold them back. Because of this type of advertising, men may develop a certain resentment towards women. Men may only see women as a object of pleasure and not as another human being that is capable of loving him as well.
A “Men’s Women” commercial shows a completely different side to the dehumanization of gender in advertisements. These advertisements consist of women with open clothing and “almost always shows hints of sexual availability in these commercials“ (Craig 192). The commercials even go so far as to show a woman completely naked, but having different objects in the commercial cover her parts. In one Carl’s Jr. commercial, model Charlotte McKinney is presented as naked and walking down the sidewalk with a handful of men staring at her. The commercial would be a perfect example as it degrades a woman’s image. Because all the men are staring at McKinney, women get the impression that all men want is a women that looks similar to her. This advertisement, however, not only sells the product, but also has the power to alter the way women act after seeing the advertisement. Women may go to extremes of changing their appearance because of the social pressure that has been put upon them to always look and act sexy. 
Advertising is a very powerful form of social communication in society. This social communication, however, is not always a positive thing as it dehumanizes genders. These gendered advertisements don’t mimic how society is, but mimic the way a certain gender is supposed to be. This creates various complications and negative fluctuation in today’s society expectations.  In Steve Craig’s article, “Men’s Men and Women’s Women,” Craig shows the different forms of social advertisements and the negative effects of them. The negative effects may range from simply not including women in a man’s commercial because men need to be seen as “masculine,” to showing off a woman's body in a Carl’s Jr. commercial to get men to buy a burger. These commercials do prove to be successful, but do so in the wrong manner. An advertiser should be aware of the social complications that it creates in presenting a commercial both online and on a television. Advertisers are close minded and need to come up with different advertisements which do not affect society in a negative way. What the media needs to do is turn away from basing an advertisement on gender and base it on other positive values which attracts just as many people. Advertisers should focus on the positive things that come through a relationship and the supportiveness that a woman gives her man and vise versa.
Works Cited 
Cadillac. “The First ever ELR: Poolside.” Online Video Clip. www.Youtube.com. Youtube. 7 Feb 2014. Web. 27 April 2015.
CarlsJr. “Carl's Jr. Charlotte McKinney All-Natural Too Hot For TV Commercial.” Online Video Clip. www.Youtube.com. Youtube. 21 Jan 2015. Web. 27 April 2015.
Craig, Steve. “Men’s Men and Woman’s Woman.” Signs of Life in the USA: Readings on Popular Culture for Writers. Eds. Sonia Maasik and Jack Solomon. Boston: Bedford/St. Martins. 2012. 187-199. Print. 
Lundun, Ingrid. “Internet Ad Spend To Reach $121B In 2014, 23% Of $537B Total Ad Spend, Ad Tech Boosts Display. TechCrunch. 7 April 2014. 28 April 2015.

Sharliee. “How Many Advertisements Do We See Each Day?.” Telesian Technology. 15 April 2014. 28 April 2015. 

Privacy is a Myth

Mario Rivas
Professor Rowley
English 1
9 June 2015
Privacy is a Myth
American citizen privacy is becoming more and more transparent due to government agencies illegally spying on U.S. citizens without their consent. Laura Poitras’ documentary CitizenFour offers actual footage of NSA IT Administrator and whistleblower Edward Snowden confirming the fact that the NSA uses wiretapping techniques to illegally spy on U.S. citizens. According to Snowden, major telecommunication carriers, like AT&T and Verizon, allow the NSA to intercept their customers phone calls and their internet communications. Because of these leaks detailing how the government spies on the U.S. using the NSA, citizens have concerns about whether or not their information is private or not anymore. Our smartphones have developed the capabilities to track all and record all of our data, whether it’s location data, or who we have recently contacted over the phone. Admittedly, these spying practices do not negatively affect the common citizen, but allowing the government to use the NSA to spy on American citizens gives the government access to too much power. Congress should declare these practices illegal and ban any spying conducted on U.S. citizens.
Contrary to popular belief, the Patriot Act does not allow any government agency to gather up records and intelligence on U.S citizens without reason. The Academy Award winning documentary film, CitizenFour, shows how NSA IT Administrator Edward Snowden, was successful on challenging the authority and power that the NSA currently has over mass surveillance. According to the film, on June 9, 2013, the press got a hold of what was the first of the Snowden leaks detailing the various methods that the NSA uses in order to gather intelligence and data on US citizens without the consent of the people. Throughout the film, Snowden reveals that the NSA is harvesting millions of e-mail contact lists, search engine results, tracking and mapping the locations of millions of people worldwide using cell phone data. These practices and with the government harvesting this much data gives the government too much power for them to control. The government should not have the power to invade people’s privacy without reason as it violates the peoples fourth amendment of unreasonable searches and seizures.
Cell phones, without a doubt, contain data on every part of our lives. With our cell phone, one can determine what kind of person we are, what we search for, where we have been, who we keep in contact with, and more. These devices are a portal to our personal lives, and leaves us vulnerable if it were ever in the wrong hands. The information in our cell phone is not private, and can be accessed by anyone in position of power so long as the person knows how to access the data. Michael Isikoff’s article, “The Snitch in Your Pocket” gives readers insight on what kind of information the government can access, apart from just location data tracking: “There are numerous of other fronts in the privacy wars - about the access to email content for instance, and access to bank records and credit card transactions” (Isikoff 3). All of this data, unfortunately, is now generally stored in a person’s cell phone thanks to numerous applications which store this type of sensitive information. Isikoff provides various scenarios in which a police officer who abused this power was able to obtain data on our cellphones without a consent of a warrant. In his article, Isikoff also notes that cell phones companies, such as Sprint, gave the government location data on its customers without a legitimate warrant being presented. The information   provided by Isikoff brings up a very important question: What can the government do with the data collected, and are we giving the U.S. government too much power over us?
Once the government has access to one’s data, it has unrestricted power of it. Of course, the ability for someone to care about this data collection ultimately depends on a person’s view of privacy, whether they care about it, and whether or not one is at risk if an NSA agent is actually spying on the person. Some people, would not be bothered by this data. People don’t see the problems with the government spying on people because it has no immediate negative effects on them. The danger comes later on when the government actually has the power to misuse the data collected. The New Yorker writer Mattathias Schwartz comments on this issue: “With the data collected innocent people are deprived of the ability to travel, pressured to become informants, and, in some cases, wrongfully detained without access to counsel” (par. 5). In other words because of the government’s power, people can be negatively affected in these ways without serious probable cause.
While it is true that data collection is not a threat to a common citizen, as stated above, the government still has untrammeled power over the data that it has collected. Emily Bazelon’s article “I Am Worried. You Should Be Too,” talks about how the mass surveillance techniques that the NSA uses to spy on American citizens can be harmful in the long run. Bazelone states that “the existence of these newly reported databases should be worrisome because once the information is collected, it is so much easier for the government to misuse it. The more data mining, the more it becomes routine and the more tempting to come up with more uses for it” (par. 6). In other words, once the government is in control of a person’s data, it can be used in a number of ways, and the government would also have the power to misuse the data. Bazelone also brings up the possibility of the government spying on its citizens using other methods that have been unheard of . Mattatias Schwartz confirms this possibility stating that “Section 215 [of the Patriot Act] has been used to obtain driver’s license records, hotel records and I.P Adresses” (Par. 4). The government is already using authoritarian ideas to spy on people. If the government feels that it’s already ok to illegally spy on its citizens, what’s stopping it from conducting other illegal practices that haven’t been leaked yet, and possibly never would? This is the possible threat that citizens should truly be worried about in the long run.
Citizen privacy has become very transparent because of the ability of cellphones to gather a bulk of information about our private lives. Because of the recent NSA leaks detailing how they collect mass surveillance data, citizens are growing more and more concerned over the fact that there is no true privacy in the United States. So far, the NSA has been stopped from the power to collect cellphone data in bulk. In his article “A huge victory on mass surveillance for Snowden, and its not over yet,” writer Ewen MacAskill states that more steps will be taken in order to ensure true privacy among U.S citizens. McAskill says, ”later this week Congress as a whole is expected to pass legislation – a USA Freedom Act – that will enshrine some of these changes, most importantly the end to the collection of the phone records of millions of Americans” (par. 2). The passing of this legislation would ensure that something like this never happens and that no agency is permitted to practice these spying methods. The passing of this legislation would be the beginning of what will hopefully be the end of illegally obtaining citizen data without the consent of a warrant and spell the start of what U.S. citizens would finally be able to call “true privacy.”Works Cited
Bazelon, Emily. “I Am Worried. You Should Be Too.” Slate. The Washington Post. 7 June 2013. Web. 2 June 2015.
Citizen Four. Dir. Laura Poitras. Perf. Edward Snowden, Glenn Greenwald. Radius-TWC, 2014. Film.
Gellman, Barton. “NSA tracking cellphone locations worldwide, Snowden documents show.” The Washington Post. The Washington Post. 4 December 2013. Web. 2 June 2015.
Isikoff, Michael. “The Snitch in Your Pocket.” Elements of Argument: A text and reader. Eds. Annette T. Rottenberg and Donna Hasty Winchell. Boston: Bedford/St. Martin’s. 2015. 130-133. Print.
McAskill, Ewen. “A huge victory on mass surveillance for Snowden - and it’s not over yet.” The Guardian. The Guardian. 1 June 2015. Web. 2 June 2015.

Schwartz, Mattahias. “Three Big Questions About the N.S.A.’s Patriot Act Powers.” The New Yorker. The New Yorker. 2 June 2015. Web. 2 June 2015.

Tuesday, June 2, 2015

Privacy is a Myth

English Essay 3:
Mario Rivas
Professor Rowley
English 1
2 June 2015
Privacy is a Myth
Citizen privacy is becoming more and more transparent due to government agencies illegally spying on US citizens without their consent. Laura Poitras’ documentary Citizen Four offers actual footage of NSA IT Administrator and whistleblower Edward Snowden confirming the fact that the NSA uses wiretapping techniques to illegally spy on U.S. citizens. According to Snowden, major telecommunication carriers, like AT&T and Verizon, allow the NSA to intercept their customers phone calls and their internet communications. Because of these leaks detailing how the government spies on the US using the NSA, citizens have concerns about whether or not their information is private or not anymore. Our smartphones have developed the capabilities to track all and record all of our data, whether it’s location data, or who we have recently contacted over the phone. Admittedly, these spying practices do not negatively affect the common citizen, but allowing the government to use the NSA to spy on American citizens gives the government access to too much power. Congress should declare these practices illegal and ban any spying conducted on U.S citizens.
Contrary to popular belief, the Patriot Act does not allow any government agency to gather up records and intelligence on U.S citizens without reason. Academy Award winning film, Citizen Four, shows how Edward Snowden, an IT administrator for the NSA was successful on challenging the authority and power that the NSA currently has over mass surveillance. According to the film, on June 9, 2013, the press got a hold of what was the first of the Edward Snowden leaks detailing the various methods that the NSA uses in order to gather intelligence and data on people without consent of the people. Throughout the film, Snowden reveals that the NSA is harvesting millions of e-mail contact lists, search engine results, tracking and mapping the locations of millions of people worldwide using cellphone data. 
Cell phones, without a doubt, contain data on every part of our lives. With our cellphone, one can determine what kind of person we are, what we search for, where we have been, who we keep in contact with, and more. These devices are a portal to our personal lives, and leaves us vulnerable if it were ever in the wrong hands. The information in our cellphone is not private, and can be accessed by anyone in position of power so long as the person knows how to access the data. Michael Isikoff’s article, “The Snitch in Your Pocket” gives reader’s insight on what kind of information the government can access, apart from just location data tracking. “There are numerous of other fronts in the privacy wars - about the access to email content for instance, and access to bank records and credit card transactions,” writes Isikoff in his article. All of this data, unfortunately, is now generally stored in a persons cellphone thanks to numerous of applications which store this type of sensitive information. Isikoff provides various scenarios in which a police officer abused this power was able to obtain data on our cellphones without a consent of a warrant. In his article, Isikoff also notes that cell phones companies, such as Sprint, gave the government location data on it’s customers without a legitimate warrant being presented. The information provided by Isikoff brings up a very important question: What can the government do with the data collected, and are we giving the U.S. government too much power over us?
Once the government has access to ones data, it has unrestricted power of it. Of course, the ability for someone to care about this data collection ultimately depends on a persons view over privacy, wether they care about it, and wether or not one is at risk if an NSA agent is actually spying on the person. Some people, such as myself, would not be bothered by this data. As long as these practices don’t affect a common citizen such as myself I’m ok with the NSA spying over me. The danger comes later on when the government actually has the power to misuse the data collected.
While it is true that data collection is not a threat to a common citizen, as stated above, the government still has untrammeled power over the data that it has collected. Emily Bazelon’s article “I Am Worried. You Should Be Too,” talks about how the mass surveillance techniques that the NSA uses to spy on American citizens can be harmful in the long run. Bazelone states that “the existence of these newly reported databases should be worrisome because once the information is collected, it is so much easier for the government to misuse it. The more data mining, the more it becomes routine and the more tempting to come up with more uses for it” (par. 6). In other words, once the government is in control of a persons data, it can be used in a number of ways, and the government would also have the power to misuse the data. Bazelone also brings up the possibility of the government spying on it’s citizens using other methods that have been unheard of. The government is already using authoritarian ideas to spy on people. If the government feels that it’s already ok to illegally spy on its citizens, what’s stopping it from conducting other illegal practices that haven’t been leaked yet, and possibly never would? This is the possible threat that citizens should truly be worried about in the long run.

Citizen privacy has become very transparent because of the ability of cellphones to gather a bulk of information about our private lives. Because of the recent NSA leaks detailing how they collect mass surveillance data, citizens are growing more and more concerned over the fact that there is no true privacy in the United States. Although numerous steps have already been taken by congress in order to rid the NSA of certain spying powers, the fight to end mass surveillance practices isn’t over. So far, the NSA has been rid of is the power to collect cellphone data in bulk. In his article “A huge victory on mass surveillance for Snowden, and its not over yet,” writer Ewen MacAskill states that more steps will be taken in order to ensure true privacy among U.S citizens "later this week Congress as a whole is expected to pass legislation – a USA Freedom Act – that will enshrine some of these changes, most importantly the end to the collection of the phone records of millions of Americans” (par. 2). The passing of this legislation would ensure that something like this never happens and that no agency is permitted to practice these spying methods. The passing of this legislation would be the beginning of what will hopefully be the end of illegally obtaining citizen data without the consent of a warrant and spell the start of what U.S. citizens would finally be able to call “true privacy”.

Isikoff, Michael. “The Snitch in Your Pocket.” Elements of Argument: A text and reader. Eds. Annette T. Rottenberg and Donna Hasty Winchell. Boston: Bedford/St. Martin’s. 2015. 130-133. Print.
Citizen Four. Dir. Laura Poitras. Perf. Edward Snowden, Glenn Greenwald. Radius-TWC, 2014. Film.
http://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2015/jun/01/victory-mass-surveillance-snowden-bulk-data-collection-nsa-transparency

Wednesday, May 27, 2015

English 1 Assignment:

Mario Rivas
Professor Rowley
English 1
28 May 2015
Concern over Citizen Privacy
Because of the recent Edward Snowden leaks detailing how the government spies on the US using the NSA, citizens have concerns about wether or not a citizens information is private or not anymore. Our smartphones have developed the capabilities to track all and record all of our data, wether it’s location data, or who we have recently contacted over the phone. Citizen privacy is becoming more and more transparent due to government agencies illegally spying on US citizens without their consent. Laura Poitras’ documentary “Citizen Four” offers actual footage of Edward Snowden confirming the fact that the NSA uses wiretapping techniques to illegally spy on US citizens. Major telecommunication carriers, like AT&T and Verizon, allow the NSA to intercept their customers phone calls and their internet communications. Admittedly, these spying practices do not negatively affect the common citizen, but allowing the government to use the NSA to spy on American citizens gives the government access to too much power.

Monday, May 25, 2015

Online Gambling Counter Argument

English 1 Assignment:
Online Gambling
Over the past decade, the internet has created dozens of businesses, making thousands of people wealthy. Among these successful businesses lies Online Gambling. Because of online gambling, people now don't have to even leave their home to spend away all their savings, they can do it in the comfort of their own home. Online gambling has become a problem; so much of a problem that institutions have been created in order to treat problem gamblers that need to recover from their negative gambling addiction. Some people however, can argue that casinos shouldn't spend their profit on institutions that treat problem gamblers since its the persons own fault for gambling away their own money.
Because it is a persons own fault that they gambled away their own money, the argument presented in the upper paragraph may seem like a valid one, however, gambling shouldn't be seen as a hobby, but like an addiction. Gambling is common among adults of all ages, but it’s when an adult starts losing all their money that gambling can be considered addictive. Even though it may not be considered an addiction by many, some online institutions, like the Mayo Clinic, have this addiction listed under “compulsive gambling” or “gambling disorder”. The website for the Mayo Clinic lists specific causes, symptoms, complications, and treatments a person can take in order to get rid of these gambling habits. It’s because of this, that casinos should be the ones to treat these gambling habits since they are the ones that initiated the problem in the first place. 

http://online.lbcc.edu/pluginfile.php/364576/mod_resource/content/1/Online%20Gambling.pdf
http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/compulsive-gambling/basics/definition/con-20023242